Stock+Characters

= = S T o C K C h A R A C T ERS

//A // //stock character //**//, //** is a stereotypical character usually found in literature or theater that a standard audience/reader can quickly recognize. These characters are usually used in parody and are criticized as cliches.

Pantalone



Pantalone is one the four Main characters of [|commedia dell'arte]. He is usually a part of the upper social class and is known for being highly greedy. He overall represents the “money” in the commedia dell’arte world.


 * Origin: Pantalone first originated as part of a master and servant duo. He was also the original Il Magnifico stock character. His name means “old fool”. **


 * Status: Pantalone is a wealthy merchant apart of the upper social class **


 * Characteristics: He is known for being greedy and cunning, but also very foolish **


 * Costume: His costume consist of red trousers or stockings, a black jacket, a black cloak with long sleeves, a red cap, yellow slippers, and a money bag placed on his belt **


 * Mask: Pantalones dark brown mask contains a hooked nose that meets his chin, and has a grey eyebrows and a mustache that spreads across both sides of his face **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #cc0000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">His stance is that of hunched-back old man, to conceal his money bag from thieves. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #cc0000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pantalones hands and feet move very quick although he is an old man. He can also mimic the movements of the other characters and when hearing bad news, he will usually lay flat on his back and curl up but cannot get back up without the assistance of someone else. Pantalone also haves a high lust for women, and would often make innuendos and cat calls to them. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #cc0000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">antalone is a character who is set up to fall. He is usually taken advantaged and eventually ends up losing his wealth, due to his servants who purposely set him up to lead to his downfall. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">IL CAPITANO (The Captain) **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">One of the four main stock characters, his title “Captain” came from himself, he most likely never in fact, a captain. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Due to Il Capitano moving from city to city, he was able to give himself a fake higher status and was most likely never a captain of an army. He is also feared by most of the townspeople, due to his act of intimidation he portrays to them. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Capitano is a arrogant, egocentric man who portrays himself as courageous and masculine, but in reality is very cowardly **
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Capitano’s costume consist of large boots that covers most of his legs, a military jacket and a ruffled hat. He also has a sword on his belt, but does uses it, he instead draws it when he is either overwhelmed or terrified. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A mustache, small eyes, and large cheeks **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He has a high posture, with a straight back, with his chest pushed forward. He also stands with his feet wide apart to make appear to have more strength **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Il Capitano usually walks with a bounce in his step and takes long, slow strides as his walk are very showy and will often face the audience and flaunt. However, since he is cowardly e get frightened really easily and when he sees anything he deem endangering, he would squat down to make himself seem as small as possible while whimpering. When he he runs, usually out of fright, he would drop everything, picks up his legs high and place them down close to their first position. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #666666; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Like pantalone, Il Capitano always leads to his downfall. And in most events his cowardice is revealed. **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">IL Dottore (The Doctor) **
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Dottore was originated first as the comical opposite of Pantalone in the 1500s. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Like Pantalone and Il Capitano, Il Dottore is of high social class, **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Dottore is a very talkative and often pretends to be highly knowledgeable in various subjects, but usually does not know what he is talking about. He is also very fond of woman, however he is untruthful and has been caught cheating several times. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He wears a long jacket with a long black coat, with black shoes and a skull cap. He is very fat, so often time actors who are not will have to have a pillow strapped to their stomachs **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Covers just nose and eyes leaving cheeks exposed. And has a large nose with a high forehead. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/Gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Dottore is very fond of food and drink and loves to eat. He also makes lots of sexual jokes and is fond of pronography. When speaking, he is always walking usually in figure eights, and uses his hands to gesture every word and will sometimes speak in fake latin. He talks with a lisp and often times will bore another character off the stage with his continued talking and will sometimes use this to his advantage when he wants time alone. He also walks with his chest up, bent knees and with small, bouncy movements. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot Function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #951d33; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Dottore is usually on stage for long periods of time due to his talking, and serves as relief for the other actors and often has to be removed physically from the stage or convinced to leave. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Il Innamorati (The Lovers) **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Comes from ideas of the Roman play-rights Plautus and Terence in the 16th century **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The lovers are ofthe upper social class and are the sons and daughter of the old upper class men. However their status is lowered due to their infatuation. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Innamorati are une inexperienced and over the top, though their emotions are sincere. They are also usually young respectful, and attractive. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The males will sometimes wear soldier wear, while the women will wear their newest clothing or the latest fashion. Both wear the most expensive attire. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Innamorati do not wear masks. They instead, wear makeup that is usually white foundation and red lip wear. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Usually in a ballet position and proud posture. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/Gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">They are usually always holding a prop, a letter or a handkerchief in one hand and tend to take man breaths. They also stand firmly in one place and often time do not touch. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot Function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The main source of problems in the Connovacci **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Columbina **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">She was originally the role of a entr’acte dancer **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The maid of the Innamorati and she is also the wife of Arlecchino **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">She is intelligent, rational, witty, and flirtatious. She is known for her sex appeal and can also write sing, dance and read. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Blue skirt and red jacket with a white apron **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Black and covers her eyes **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">One knee is usually bent while the other is extended **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/Gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff00ff; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Columbina often times haves her hands on her hips and also fidgets and balances one foot on the other. She is also fast in movements when she wants to escape unwanted attention. **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Arlecchino **
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Introduced in the 16th century and popularized in paris of 1584-1585 **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The comical Servant of one of the old upper-class men, he is also the husband of columbina **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Arlecchino is an energetic, unintelligent, and slow thinking character and is also acrobatic. He is also one of the more smarter servants and highly mischievous. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Arlecchino wears a multi-colored costumed that contains random colorful patches, along with a black belt and a slap-stick. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Contains a long forehead, with small round holes for eyes and a small nose. **
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Crouched positions with his feet flat on the ground and his feet pointing forward **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement/gestures: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">His movements are usually graceful, as he usually shuffles in a balletic form. His elbows are also usually bent with his hands placed on his belt. His movement are also often very sneaky **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot Function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1ea91c; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He usually comes up with schemes to hamper with his master plans. Although they never tend to work out. He also often makes mistakes with his orders and further complicates the plot **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Zanni **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Origin: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Popular commedia character first seen in the 14th century **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Status: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Is of the lowest status, is the most poorest servant in commedia. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Characteristics: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Zanni is the most unintelligent characters out of all. He is not very good at his job as h usually sleeping, sneaking away to eat food or daydreaming and is also driven by sex and hunger. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Costume: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He is usually dressed in a baggy white outfit due to his impoverished state **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mask: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Zanni as a large nose with low eyebrows that give him a dull appearance. **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stance: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Back is arched with one leg in front of him for balance **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movement: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Movements is very exaggerated and a zanni usually has his nose leading the rest of his body and he usually haves no control over his limbs. Movement are also usually quick **


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Plot Function: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #d47616; font-family: Lobster; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Zanni usually confuses the plot by messing up and his attempts to complete a task usually end up going wrong **

MODERN DAY STOCK CHARACTERS

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Elephant,serif; font-size: 26.66px;">NERD <span style="font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 14.66px;">

A Nerd is a character known to be highly intellectual and tends to lack social skills. A nerd may spend large amounts of time in unknown and unpopular places and activities, usually technical or related to fantasy and/or fictional topics. They are also described as shy, quirky, and unattractive people <span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 18.66px;">.


 * THE POPULAR GIRL **

The popular girl is the character known to be socially “ideal” usually within a school setting and is envied by majority of the female population. This character is known to be attractive, however vain, self-conscious about their appearance, though confident and rude. They also can sometimes be very promiscuous and are usually the leaders of their groups of friends.

JOCK

<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 18.66px;">A jock is an athletic, nonintellectual male character known for their arrogant, rude personalities and high female attraction. They are extremely engage in sports such as football and are popular amongst a high school or college setting. Jocks are also known to be muscular and attractive, the significant other of the popular girl, and can usually be seen spending time around other jocks and members of their sports teams.

Work Citations:

Figure 2f from: Irimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic revision of Rochefortia Sw. (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7720. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7720. (n.d.). doi:10.3897/bdj.4.e7720.figure2f

Figure 2f from: Irimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic revision of Rochefortia Sw. (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7720. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7720. (n.d.). doi:10.3897/bdj.4.e7720.figure2f

(n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2017, from [|https://www.google.com/search?q=the%2Bpopular%2Bgirl%2Bstock%2Bcharacters&safe=strict&rlz=1C1GGRV_enUS767US767&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiqscG62P3WAhWDwYMKHbxYBTsQ_AUICigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=HbtWIYq2WOmYxM]

(n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2017, from [|https://www.google.com/search?q=the%2Bpopular%2Bgirl%2Bstock%2Bcharacters&safe=strict&rlz=1C1GGRV_enUS767US767&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiqscG62P3WAhWDwYMKHbxYBTsQ_AUICigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=HbtWIYq2WOmYxM]:

(n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2017, from https://www.google.com/search?q=the%2Bpopular%2Bgirl%2Bstock%2Bcharacters&safe=strict&rlz=1C1GGRV_enUS767US767&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiqscG62P3WAhWDwYMKHbxYBTsQ_AUICigB&biw=1920&bih=974#imgrc=HbtWIYq2WOmYxM:

https://theatrelitwiki.wikispaces.com/Pantalone

http://tedb.byu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Commedia-Character-Descriptions.docx

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pantaloon

http://www.tim-shane.com/Commedia-Innamorati.htm

https://prezi.com/m/pcntqhwbie4r/commedia-dell-arte-colombina/

https://kartaruga.com/mask/colombina-woman-the-stage/

https://theatrelitwiki.wikispaces.com/Arlecchino

https://prezi.com/m/itttkhlz9ygt/the-zanni/